{"id":10188,"date":"2015-07-18T03:18:52","date_gmt":"2015-07-18T10:18:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/?p=10188"},"modified":"2015-07-18T05:00:41","modified_gmt":"2015-07-18T12:00:41","slug":"ecclesiastical-tanagers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/2015\/07\/18\/ecclesiastical-tanagers\/","title":{"rendered":"Ecclesiastical Tanagers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a title=\"Palm Tanager\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/rickwright\/11343691523\/in\/photolist-ieVaRY-ieLM7X-ihpohk-ieM9mj-ieM8P7-ieLLfB\" data-flickr-embed=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3794\/11343691523_02abc6d61a_z.jpg\" alt=\"Palm Tanager\" width=\"640\" height=\"401\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><script src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Among the birds discovered by Freyreiss and Maximilian in Brazil was <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/reisenachbrasili02wied#page\/76\/mode\/2up\">a\u00a0glossy gray-green tanager<\/a>, a lively bird encountered in almost every dense tangle of palm fronds along the coast.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>But back up. &#8220;Discovered&#8221; may be saying too much.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/27xlqpvas519tah\/Screenshot%202015-07-15%2013.32.01.png?dl=0\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10190\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-13.32.01.png\" alt=\"Desmarest, T episcopus = palmarum\" width=\"589\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-13.32.01.png 589w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-13.32.01-300x290.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>As Maximilian himself pointed out, the\u00a0<strong>palm tanager\u00a0<\/strong>was already known to European science, just misidentified:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nThis bird has hitherto been treated as the female of the Tanagra Episcopus, and it is <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/124404#page\/70\/mode\/1up\">depicted as such in Desmarest<\/a>. This is an error, however, as Tanagra Episcopus, or Sayaca (the Sanya\u00e7\u00fa of the Brazilians of the east coast), is very different from this supposed female, a bird of which we have often received both sexes, which resemble each other quite closely. This latter bird, formerly thought to be the female, is entirely different from the\u00a0Sanya\u00e7\u00fa even in its very soft, twittering voice. Because it is constantly found among the cocoa palms, I name this bird Tanagra palmarum.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I have to confess that before I read this passage this morning, I&#8217;d forgot that the\u00a0<strong>blue-gray tanager\u00a0<\/strong>was named &#8220;bishop.&#8221; And now I&#8217;m wondering why.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Blue-gray Tanager, Tobago\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/rickwright\/11316268286\/in\/photolist-ieL3z3-ieYQiU-9FPzMi-9FPzsk-9FSuCb\" data-flickr-embed=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3756\/11316268286_45e70a7a57_z.jpg\" alt=\"Blue-gray Tanager, Tobago\" width=\"640\" height=\"392\" \/><\/a><script src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>This pretty and familiar tropical\u00a0thraupid <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/44467#page\/98\/mode\/1up\">barely escaped being called\u00a0<em>virens<\/em><\/a>, a name &#8212; meaning &#8220;greenish&#8221; &#8212; that would have made less sense even than most tanager names. Instead, thanks to some timely <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/44467#page\/98\/mode\/1up\">intervention by the ICZN<\/a>, it still, again, bears the Linnaean epithet\u00a0<em>episcopus<\/em>, making it one of those almost innumerable birds named for churchmen and churchwomen, from popes all the way down to nunlets and monklets. So how did Linnaeus come to name this tanager\u00a0in particular<em>\u00a0episcopus<\/em>, the bishop bird?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/137337#page\/320\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10191\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.04.56.png\" alt=\"Screenshot 2015-07-15 14.04.56\" width=\"568\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.04.56.png 568w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.04.56-300x55.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The short answer: It wasn&#8217;t his\u00a0idea in the first place. We tend to credit (or more often to blame) the Swedish nomenclator for all the scientific names with his initial after them, but in fact, a goodly number &#8212; anybody know offhand just how many? &#8212; of the names in the\u00a0<em>Systema\u00a0<\/em>were not coined by Linnaeus but adopted from his many sources. This is one of them. Linnaeus called the tanager\u00a0<em>episcopus<\/em> because Mathurin\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/110951#page\/54\/mode\/1up\">Brisson had done it first<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/110951#page\/87\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10192\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.24.10.png\" alt=\"Screenshot 2015-07-15 14.24.10\" width=\"452\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.24.10.png 452w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.24.10-300x188.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Brisson gives a very detailed description of the specimen in R\u00e9aumur&#8217;s cabinet, sent from Brazil by two French collectors; but he offers no clue as to why it\u00a0should have been appointed bishop among the birds. Perhaps it was the episcopal hue\u00a0of the lesser coverts, &#8220;grayish white with a hint of violet,&#8221; though that\u00a0seems a bit of a stretch. More likely, I think, this\u00a0was Brisson&#8217;s witty way of easing the transition between his accounts of\u00a0the various tanager species and those that immediately follow in his <em>Ornithologie<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/110951#page\/95\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10193\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.42.07.png\" alt=\"Screenshot 2015-07-15 14.42.07\" width=\"709\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.42.07.png 709w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-14.42.07-300x242.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>What better way to introduce <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/110951#page\/56\/mode\/1up\">the full suite of cardinals<\/a> than with a bishop?<\/p>\n<p>Brisson&#8217;s gentle joke had, as they say, legs. Not only did Linnaeus immortalize the name\u00a0<em>episcopus<\/em>, but his successors\u00a0found in it the\u00a0inspiration to create an entire little curia of ecclesiastical tanagers.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/124404#page\/68\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10194\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.02.55.png\" alt=\"Desmarest, L'\u00b4v\u00eaque\" width=\"655\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.02.55.png 655w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.02.55-300x286.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Desmarest, in his 1805\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/bibliography\/61148#\/summary\">Histoire naturelle des tangaras, des manakins et des todiers<\/a>,\u00a0<\/em>retained\u00a0what he thought were both sexes of the &#8220;tangara \u00e9v\u00eaque,&#8221; and\u00a0added to the ranks a Peruvian bird brought to the Paris museum by a French collector, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/124404#page\/77\/mode\/1up\">a bird he named\u00a0<em>Tangara archiepiscopus<\/em><\/a>, the archbishop tanager.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/124404#page\/74\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10196\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.26.06.png\" alt=\"yellow-wigned tanager, Desmarest\" width=\"536\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.26.06.png 536w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.26.06-271x300.png 271w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Desmarest had access to specimens of both sexes of this species, resulting in the odd caption &#8220;the female archbishop&#8221; &#8212; surely something that led to a little bemused head-shaking even in Napoleonic France.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/124404#page\/76\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10197\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.28.31.png\" alt=\"Desmarest, female archbishop tanager\" width=\"630\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.28.31.png 630w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-16.28.31-300x294.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately for Desmarest, this species, known today as the\u00a0<strong>golden-chevroned tanager<\/strong>, had already been <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/128097#page\/91\/mode\/1up\">described by Anders Sparrman a generation earlier<\/a>, from a specimen the Swedish naturalist thought had been collected somewhere in the East Indies.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/128097#page\/89\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10198\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-17.59.18.png\" alt=\"Golden-chevroned tanager, in Sparrman, Mus Carl\" width=\"455\" height=\"418\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-17.59.18.png 455w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-17.59.18-300x276.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Today, the bird is stuck, and we are stuck, with the\u00a0accurate but not very evocative name Sparrman gave it:\u00a0<em>ornata<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Accuracy and priority\u00a0proved only a minor setback to tradition, however.<\/p>\n<p>In 1830, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/49217#page\/93\/mode\/1up\">Hinrich\u00a0Lichtenstein<\/a>\u00a0prepared a <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=upY-AAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PA54&amp;lpg=PA54&amp;dq=lichtenstein+preis+verzeichniss&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=MsTCx-GabE&amp;sig=wUfugPsvJ5D_tyURaddQW4QXybY&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CDEQ6AEwBWoVChMIyJK78JLexgIVBiceCh23Hwwf#v=onepage&amp;q=lichtenstein%20preis%20verzeichniss&amp;f=false\">list\u00a0of specimens sent\u00a0back to Berlin by the German collectors Deppe and Schiede<\/a>; those skins representing species\u00a0already held in\u00a0the Berlin museum were offered\u00a0to private collectors\u00a0&#8220;for cash payment in Prussian courants.&#8221; Some of those specimens represented still undescribed species, making Lichtenstein&#8217;s\u00a0<em>Preis-Verzeichniss\u00a0<\/em>the location of original publication. Among the nova: a yellow-green, blue-headed tanager with black wings with a yellow panel. Lichtenstein named it\u00a0<em>Tangara Abbas<\/em>, the abbot.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Yellow-winged Tanager\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/rickwright\/3317044477\/in\/photolist-647HQX-64bXJs-647HL2\/\" data-flickr-embed=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/farm4.staticflickr.com\/3406\/3317044477_b3c48f6e9f_z.jpg\" alt=\"Yellow-winged Tanager\" width=\"624\" height=\"640\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><script src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=En4wBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT17&amp;lpg=PT17&amp;dq=beolens+eponym+birds+abbas&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=tRt9ln7BMP&amp;sig=DuckNvo14fJAsBqtQYHitPbrKqo&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CDUQ6AEwA2oVChMIo7aktpjexgIVRwuSCh0ZdQDY#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\">It has been suggested<\/a>, with\u00a0no contemporary\u00a0documentation, that &#8220;abbas&#8221; refers in a roundabout way to the given name of a man, Abbot Lawrence, who may or may not have met one or the other of the Deppe brothers sometime or another.<\/p>\n<p>As far as I can discover, no one else has ever come close to believing\u00a0that, and when this lovely little bird of Mexico and northern Central America hasn&#8217;t been called the\u00a0<strong>yellow-winged tanager,\u00a0<\/strong>it&#8217;s gone by the English name abbot tanager &#8212; not &#8220;Abbot&#8217;s,&#8221; as one would otherwise expect.<\/p>\n<p>Apart from that slender shred, there&#8217;s an additional\u00a0bit\u00a0of far more convincing evidence that places this tanager, too, firmly in the tradition of ecclesiastical names.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/91262#page\/343\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10199\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-18.47.42.png\" alt=\"Lesson, Cent Zoo, drawing Pr\u00eatre\" width=\"379\" height=\"539\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-18.47.42.png 379w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-18.47.42-211x300.png 211w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>For all his great merits, Ren\u00e9-Primev\u00e8re Lesson was notorious &#8212; is still notorious &#8212; for the utter lack of respect he showed for\u00a0other ornithologists&#8217; nomenclatural acts. When\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/91262#page\/342\/mode\/1up\">Lesson\u00a0turned to this species in 1831<\/a>, which he found\u00a0represented by several skins that had been shipped from Mexico to\u00a0Paris (take that, Prussians), he simply renamed it, calling it\u00a0<em>Tanagra vicarius<\/em>, &#8220;le tangara vicaire,&#8221; the vicar. Lest\u00a0his reader overlook the clerical connection, Lesson compares the vicar to two other tanager species &#8212; the bishop (our blue-gray) and\u00a0<em>Tangara prelatus<\/em>, the prelate tanager (Lesson&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=lAwAAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PA462&amp;lpg=PA462&amp;dq=tangara+prelat&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=I2mfpM07zT&amp;sig=tTmLhPxzwWRNTslLoFQYveCckNA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CCoQ6AEwAmoVChMI756lpaDexgIVBRo-Ch3tXgCi#v=onepage&amp;q=tangara%20eveque&amp;f=false\">name for the palm tanager<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/105427#page\/159\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10200\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-19.33.56.png\" alt=\"Swainson, cana blue-gray tanager\" width=\"399\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-19.33.56.png 399w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-19.33.56-228x300.png 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 399px) 100vw, 399px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Lesson was at it again in 1842. Eight years earlier, William <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/105427#page\/159\/mode\/1up\">Swainson had published a new bird<\/a> he called the blue-shouldered tanager,\u00a0<em>Tangara cana<\/em>; if I&#8217;ve kept up, this is now considered a subspecies of the\u00a0<strong>blue-gray tanager<\/strong> (and I think it was this race that was introduced into Florida).<\/p>\n<p>Lesson gave this taxon, too, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/51063#page\/185\/mode\/1up\">a brand new name,\u00a0<em>Tangara diaconus<\/em><\/a>, the deacon tanager. Could the theme be any clearer?<\/p>\n<p>The synonymy of the tanagers is nearly as complicated as that of the hummingbirds, and has been so for more than 150 years. In the very middle of the nineteenth century, three ornithologists &#8212; <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/stream\/bub_gb_M_sYAAAAYAAJ#page\/n35\/mode\/2up\">Cabanis<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/books\/reader?id=-e5hAAAAcAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;output=reader&amp;hl=en&amp;pg=GBS.PP18\">Sclater<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/19559#page\/139\/mode\/1up\">Bonaparte<\/a> &#8212; all set out, independently, to work out the relationships among the known species and to give them clear names, with the predictable result that not a few tanagers suddenly had three new names to go along with whatever old ones might have been attached to\u00a0them before.<\/p>\n<p>The eventual clearing up of the taxonomic mess, to the extent it was possible, was obviously a consummation devoutly to be wished; but it cost us those\u00a0Lessonian tanager names, and with them a glimpse into\u00a0what just may have been the longest-running gag in ornithological history.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biodiversitylibrary.org\/item\/19559#page\/139\/mode\/1up\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10201\" src=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-20.31.46.png\" alt=\"Screenshot 2015-07-15 20.31.46\" width=\"473\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-20.31.46.png 473w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-20.31.46-150x150.png 150w, http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Screenshot-2015-07-15-20.31.46-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 473px) 100vw, 473px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Among the birds discovered by Freyreiss and Maximilian in Brazil was a\u00a0glossy gray-green tanager, a lively bird encountered in almost every dense tangle of palm fronds along the coast.\u00a0\u00a0 But back up. &#8220;Discovered&#8221; may be saying too much. As Maximilian himself pointed out, the\u00a0palm tanager\u00a0was already known to European science, just misidentified: This bird has &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/2015\/07\/18\/ecclesiastical-tanagers\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Ecclesiastical Tanagers&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,38],"tags":[536,535,148],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10188"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10188"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10188\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10209,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10188\/revisions\/10209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/birdaz.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}